Hepatitis B is commonly transmitted through which routes?

• A. Contaminated water.
• B. Airborne droplets.
• C. Mosquito bites.
• D. Sexual contact or sharing of needles.

Answer: (D)

Hepatitis B is a bloodborne virus, so it mainly spreads through contact with infected blood and certain body fluids. The most common routes are sexual contact and sharing of needles, since both involve exchange of these fluids where the virus can be transmitted.

The other options don’t fit for HBV: contaminated water is a transmission route for hepatitis A, not B; airborne droplets transmit respiratory infections; and mosquitoes do not carry or transmit hepatitis B. Vaccination and safe practices (like using clean needles and protected sex) help prevent HBV infection.