Which hepatitis is described as having no vaccine?

• A. Hepatitis C.
• B. Hepatitis A.
• C. Hepatitis B.
• D. Hepatitis E.

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that vaccine availability differs among hepatitis types. Hepatitis C is the one with no licensed vaccine to prevent infection. This virus is an RNA virus with a lot of genetic diversity across many genotypes, which makes it very difficult to design a single vaccine that provides durable protection against all strains. Despite extensive research, a safe and effective broad vaccine has not been achieved, so prevention centers on reducing exposure (safe needle practices, blood screening, and other infection-control measures) and treatment has advanced to the point where direct-acting antivirals can cure most infections. In contrast, vaccines exist for Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B, and there is a vaccine for Hepatitis E in some countries, though its global availability is limited.